| Adverbs | | |
Adverbs are the words that you may add to a sentence to give the verb an description. For instance in "Tanaka runs fast.", fast is the adverb, describing the way Tanaka runs.
Adverbs made of -i adjectives
To form an adverb from an -i adjective, add -ku to the stem.| 安い | yasui | cheap | 安く | yasuku | cheaply | |
| 早い | hayai | quick | 早く | hayaku | quickly | |
| いい | ii | good | よく | yoku | well [Irregular] |
昨日の晩トラコはよくねました。
Kinou no ban Torako wa yoku nemashita.
Torako slept well last night.
Adverbs made of -na adjectives
To form an adverb from a -na adjective, use ni after the adjective:| 静か | shizuka | quiet | 静かに | chizuka ni | quietly | |
| 簡単 | kantan | simple | 簡単に | kantan ni | simply |
トラコは静かに歩きます。
Torako wa shizuka ni arukimasu.
Torako walks quietly.
Other adverbs
Of course, there are many adverbs which are not derived from verbs.| 昨日 | kinou | yesterday |
| あまり | amari | not much |
| 少し | sukoshi | a little |
| 少ない | sukunai | a few |
| 多い | ooi | a lot |
| 今日 | kyou | today |
| ばっかり | bakkari | only |
| たぶん | tabun | perhaps |
| 明日 | ashita | tomorrow |
| ちょっと | chotto | a little |
| 大変 | taihen | very |
| 毎日 | mainichi | every day |
| いかが | ikaga | how |
| たくさん | takusan | a lot |
| 毎朝 | maiasa | every morning |
| いつも | itsumo | always |
| ときどき | tokidoki | sometimes |
| 今 | ima | now |
| また | mata | again |
| とても | totemo | very |
| やがて | yagate | soon |
| もう | mou | already |
| ゆっくり | yukkuri | slowly |
| すぐ | sugu | inmediately |
| もっと | motto | more |
| 全然 | zenzen | at all (with negative verbs) |
| まだ | mada | yet, still |
| なかなか | nakanaka | completely |
| ほとんど | hotondo | almost |
| はっきり | hakkiri | clearly |
| どんどん | dondon | quickly |
| めったに | metta ni | seldom |
| 突然 | totsuzen | suddenly |
| そっと | sotto | smoothly, softly |
| きっと | kitto | certainly |
| さらに | sara ni | besides |
| そろそろ | sorosoro | gradually |
| 益々, ますます | masumasu | more and more |
| 前 | mae | before |
| 後, あと | ato | after |
| のち | nochi | later |
| さきほど、さっき | sakihodo, sakki | until recently |
| さっさと | sassa | quickly |
| 再び | futatabi | again |
| そもそも | somosomo | in the first place |
| すでに | sudeni | already, too late |
| すっかり | sukkari | completely |
| とくに | toku ni | specially |
| 取り敢えず | toriaezu | at once |
| 相変わらず | aikawarazu | as ever |
| 拘らず | kakawarazu | despite |
| わざわざ | wazawaza | on purpose |
| 必ず | kanarazu | certainly, whitout fail |
| 一般に | ippan ni | generally |
| 大丈夫 | daijoubu | OK |
| 一人で | hitori de | alone |
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